Как управлять побегами винограда, переросшими верх шпалеры: чеканка, пасынки и обрезка

The video opens with Roman Tur addressing a common concern among grape growers in June: what to do with shoots that have grown beyond the top wire of the trellis. He immediately sets the stage for a practical discussion on whether to pinch (check) these shoots or not, and how to handle lateral shoots (pasyinki). Roman promises that by watching the video, viewers will learn more about grapevine care than they previously knew.

"А что делать с побегами которые переросли вверх шпалеры чеканить их или нет? А что делать с пасынками оставлять их на один или на Два листа?" 0:13

Key points:

• The video is timely, filmed in late June when shoots often exceed trellis height.
• The focus is on managing overgrown shoots and lateral shoots.
• Roman aims to share practical, experience-based advice for grape growers, especially novices.

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Roman explains that in many regions, especially cooler ones like his location in Lipetsk Oblast, the main shoots have already reached or surpassed the top wire of the trellis by late June. He notes that trellis heights vary, often chosen for convenience or budget, but shoots inevitably reach the top eventually.

"У кого из вас плодовые Лозы весной были расположены горизонтально земле на первой проволоке... основные побеги уже достигли верха шпалеры или его переросли." 1:15

He outlines the dilemma: what to do with these shoots now? Options include leaving them to grow freely, pinching them, or tying them down.

Key points:

• Shoots grow continuously and can exceed trellis height.
• Trellis height varies but does not prevent shoots from growing beyond.
• Growers face decisions on shoot management at this stage.

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Roman describes three main approaches:

1. Leave Shoots as They Are: Shoots grow over the wire and hang down freely.

   • Pros: Produces large shoots, useful for cutting cuttings.
   • Cons: Creates excessive shade, especially problematic in cooler climates, and can increase disease risk.

2. Pinching (Check) the Main Shoot: This involves cutting the main shoot at the wire and allowing one or two lateral shoots (pasyinki) to continue growth.

   • This delays shoot growth temporarily but does not stop it entirely.

3. Bending and Tying Shoots Down: Shoots are bent over the top wire and tied downward, allowing them to grow downwards before pruning.

Roman prefers the second method for his vineyard, as it balances growth control and ease of maintenance.

"Для себя я выбрал способ чеканки таких побегов по верхней проволоке с переводом точки роста на пасынки." 6:44

Key points:

• Leaving shoots free can cause shading and disease.
• Pinching main shoots and promoting lateral growth is a common, effective method.
• Bending shoots down is another option but can cause crowding and poor ventilation.
• Roman’s personal choice is pinching with lateral shoot growth.

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Roman explains that it’s not advisable to remove all growth points during active shoot growth because the vine is still pushing nutrients to open fruit buds for the next year.

"Почему именно сейчас нельзя удалить все точки роста? Потому что пока идёт активный рост побегов от корней питание будет давить и открывать все зачаточные урожайные почки." 3:03

He shows examples of lateral shoots (pasyinki) cut back to one leaf, yet the fruit buds (panok) still open and remain viable for next year’s crop. This disproves the myth that leaving lateral shoots prevents bud development.

"Вот вам живой пример что даже со оставленным пасынком почка может открыться." 4:40

Key points:

• Removing all growth points during active growth can harm next year’s fruit buds.
• Even small lateral shoots allow fruit buds to open.
• The presence of lateral shoots does not prevent bud development.
• This is important for maintaining future yields.

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Roman shares his experience that about 20 leaves per shoot are sufficient to nourish grape clusters properly. He emphasizes that neither shoot length nor leaf number drastically affects ripening speed or yield.

"Примерное количество листьев у меня около двадцати и этого вполне хватает чтобы нормально питать грозди." 7:08

He stresses that the ripening period is mostly determined by the variety’s genetic characteristics and environmental factors like sunlight and temperature, not by shoot length or leaf count.

"Если по характеристике сорта заявлено что у него 100 или 110 дней срок созревания... раньше он всё равно не созреет." 7:20

Key points:

• Around 20 leaves per shoot is adequate for grape nutrition.
• Shoot length and leaf number have minimal impact on ripening time.
• Ripening depends mainly on variety traits and climate.
• Excessive leaf growth is unnecessary.

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Roman explains his approach to lateral shoots: he prunes all except the last two at the top of the shoot, which he leaves to continue growth. He does not remove them by hand but cuts them back, which is less labor-intensive.

"Я побеги подрезаю только те что выросли выше верхней проволоки и оставляю два последних пасынка все остальные пасынки я удаляю но не выла их а подрезаю." 8:11

He warns that leaving many lateral shoots requires constant maintenance because they keep growing and need repeated pruning.

"Если оставлять один и более листьев на пасынки... нужно постоянно ходить укорачивать и прищипывать." 8:47

He also notes that lateral shoots consume nutrients that could otherwise go to the main shoots or clusters, so excessive lateral growth is not beneficial.

Key points:

• Prune lateral shoots except for the top two.
• Cutting back lateral shoots is easier than pulling them off.
• Excessive lateral shoots require frequent maintenance.
• Lateral shoots divert nutrients from fruiting shoots.

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Roman addresses a popular recommendation to remove all lateral shoots near grape clusters to supposedly improve nutrition. He calls this advice contradictory and illogical.

"Если они будут тогда будет дополнительное питание... абсурд." 10:17

He references scientific studies from the last century showing conflicting results about whether to keep or remove lateral shoots, noting that these studies were done in different climates and conditions.

"На эту тему написано было очень много статей... все работы проводились в разных условиях." 10:30

Roman concludes that in cooler climates where sunlight and warmth are limiting factors, leaving some lateral shoots does not delay ripening.

Key points:

• Removing lateral shoots near clusters to improve nutrition is questionable.
• Scientific literature shows mixed results on lateral shoot management.
• Climate and growing conditions heavily influence best practices.
• In cooler regions, leaving lateral shoots does not harm ripening.

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Roman wraps up by inviting viewers to share their opinions on his approach and the topic in general. He encourages engagement and thanks viewers for watching.

"Кто согласен или не согласен со мной Напишите в комментариях." 11:13

He signs off warmly, wishing everyone good harvests.

Key points:

• Viewer interaction is encouraged.
• Roman values community feedback.
• Positive closing with wishes for successful grape growing.

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This video offers a detailed, experience-driven guide on managing grapevine shoots that have outgrown the trellis, focusing on practical pruning, shoot pinching, and lateral shoot management tailored to cooler climates. Roman Tur’s advice balances vine health, ease of maintenance, and future yield considerations, debunking common myths and emphasizing the importance of adapting techniques to local conditions.